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常考知识点一:主旨题
一、主旨题考察内容
主旨题一般出现在文章的第一题或最后一题,考察该文的中心思想,主旨大意。
常见问法如下:
①主题类
What is the passage mainly about?
The main idea of the passage might be ( )?
②标题类
What’s the best title for this passage?
The best title for this passage is ( )?
③目的类
The purpose of this passage is ( )?
The author intends to ( )?
二、主旨题解题策略
(一)遵循首尾原则理脉络
定位文章首段与尾段,或结合各段首句综合看,理出文章脉络,得出文章大意。①首段开门见山式表达:第一段引出主题,后续段落通过细节去描述;②尾段得出结论式表达:尾段可以首尾呼应、再次点题,也可以通过前面段落的细节描述,在最后归纳主题。
(二)主体词(扩大或无中生有)排除法
文章的主体词就是内容描述的对象,通常为高频词,在文章内容中会不断出现。但是,需注意该主体词在后期出现的表达可能会使用代词出现,如:it/ they。可选择的方法有:①逆向排除。从四个选项入手,找出选项内容的主体词,结合它们各自出现的位置以及出现的频率,进行排除。需要特别留意选项中主体词的扩大干扰②正向排除。从文章入手,结合“首尾原则”(见第一条)理出文章脉络,自行得出文章主体词,进行排除。
(三)过于细节化的选项不宜选
细节化选项最大的特点通常是摘自文中原句,即:选项内容表达正确,但是不适宜做主旨。细节内容不可选,否则会以偏概全。
(四)绝对片面表达不可选,语气委婉可能大
绝对性表达通常可以成为第一时间内排除错误选项的一种策略。只有一种情况下绝对性表达会正确,即:文中对该主体对象描述的过程中也使用了绝对表达。反之,委婉性语气多为正确答案。
(五)关注特殊词汇
①关注表示转折关系的连词,如:in fact/ however/ but/ yet/ indeed/ while 等等。这些词之后的句子多为“点睛之句”。
②关注表示总结性的词,如:in a word/ all in all/ conclusion/ in brief 等等。这些词之后多为“总结句”。
③关注引出结论的词,如:show/ suggest/ find/ indicate 等等。这些词后的宾语从句多为
“结果句”。
(六)“后处理”原则
当主旨题出现在第一题时,先跳过。在完成其他四道题目解析之后,回头再做。有了其他四题的内容寻找做铺垫,很容易推出文章描述对象。结合“主体词排除法”(见第二条),进行排除选择。
Passage 1
Investors, unnerved by inflationary pressure and the wide current account deficit, took further fright following a dispute between Donald Trump, the US president, and Recep Tayyip Erdogan, his Turkish counterpart. Mr. Trump imposed sanctions on two Turkish ministers and raised tariffs on imports of Turkish steel and aluminium in an attempt to press Ankara to release an American pastor. Mr. Erdogan has refused to back down in the face of what he has called a US economic war against Turkey. He has repeated his opposition to high interest rates, which he has termed "the mother and father of all evil" and has argued are a cause of high inflation rather than a potential cure. Turkeys central bank stunned investors by refusing to raise rates even as the lira lost nearly a quarter of its value against the dollar in August alone. Signs of corporate distress will stoke concerns about the ability of Turkeys banks to withstand a rise in bad debts. The sector were given a major overhaul after a financial crisis in 2000 and 2001 and the banks, but their capital adequacy ratios have been eroded by the falling lira. Low domestic savings rates mean that Turkish banks are heavily reliant on foreign funding. Last week, the rating agency Moody's downgraded 18 banks because of concerns about their ability to refinance.
What is the best title of the passage? ( ).
A. The economic war between America and Turkey.
B. Inflation data-the next flashpoint for lira.
C. Economic crisis in Turkey gives rise to social unrest.
D. Turkey braced for turmoil as inflation rises.
【答案】D。主旨题。重点看首尾段,根据尾段当中 but 后面的内容“The sector were given a major overhaul after a financial crisis in 2000 and 2001 and the banks, but their capital adequacy ratios have been eroded by the falling lira.”可知选项 D 正确。选项 A 以偏概全,文章大部分都在说土耳其货币贬值的问题,土美经济战争只是其中的一个原因。选项 B 和 C 与原文不符,排除。故正确答案是选项 D。
以上是主旨题考察内容 主旨题一般出现在文章的第一题或最后一题,考察该文的中心思想,主旨大意。 常见问法如下:的全部内容,更多黑龙江银行招聘考试信息敬请加入黑龙江华图微信公众号(hljhtjy),及关注黑龙江银行招聘网/黑龙江人事考试网。
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